显示函数的等高线

一个展示如何使用 matplotlib 显示函数等高线的例子。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


def f(x, y):
    return (1 - x / 2 + x**5 + y**3) * np.exp(-(x**2) - y**2)


n = 256
x = np.linspace(-3, 3, n)
y = np.linspace(-3, 3, n)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)

plt.axes((0.025, 0.025, 0.95, 0.95))

plt.contourf(X, Y, f(X, Y), 8, alpha=0.75, cmap="hot")
C = plt.contour(X, Y, f(X, Y), 8, colors="black", linewidths=0.5)
plt.clabel(C, inline=1, fontsize=10)

plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])
plt.show()